Freezing Temperatures Wreak Havoc on Calif. Agriculture, Water Pipes

A deep freeze that has ruined many winter crops in California’s agricultural zones has also wreaked havoc on the state’s urban centers in the form of frozen, broken pipes.

Fire departments across Southern California reported receiving hundreds of calls over the last several days about pipes that froze, cracked and burst from the cold.

In the high desert north of Los Angeles, residents quickly snapped up heat tape and other supplies at hardware stores to fix their water pipes.

Residents of an apartment complex in Victorville went without water for more than 20 hours because of ruptured pipes. Once repairs were made, the plummeting temperatures caused the pipes to burst again, a building manager said.

Meanwhile, broken irrigation lines may have caused a mudslide that buried a private road in Pasadena under some 150 tons of debris.

The slide on Monday night blocked the road for residents of five homes until about noon Tuesday, when city crews temporarily pushed debris aside. No injuries were reported.

“We have had a large number of frozen lines, sprinkler systems in the last several days due to the weather conditions,” said Lisa Derderian, a Pasadena Fire Department spokeswoman. “We are assuming right now that is the cause.”

Plumbers said they were getting more calls than normal.

Meanwhile, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger has asked the federal government for disaster aid because the ongoing cold snap has destroyed nearly $1 billion worth of California citrus, and industry officials said shoppers will feel the sting through higher prices for oranges, lemons and other produce.

Disaster status would allow California to seek aid from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Small Business Administration to offset losses to growers and other businesses.

“This is not just about the crop this year. It could also have a devastating effect next year,” Schwarzenegger said. “My administration will make sure that we do everything we can to help the farmers and workers get through this.”

Nearly every winter crop is affected by the freeze, from avocados to strawberries to fresh-cut flowers, but it’s the state’s citrus crop that stands to take the biggest economic hit.

“We may adjust the prices as we discover the full extent of the damage next week, but for now, if you bought an orange at the supermarket for 50 cents, expect to pay a dollar to $1.49 for it,” said Todd Steel, owner of Royal Vista Marketing, which sells California citrus to markets throughout the country.

California is the nation’s No. 1 producer of fresh citrus, growing about 86 percent of lemons and 21 percent of oranges sold in the United States, according to the California Farm Bureau. Florida produces more citrus overall — about 55 percent of the nation’s total, according to the USDA — but most of that state’s oranges are processed for juice.

More than 70 percent of this season’s oranges, lemons and tangerines — nearly $1 billion worth of fruit — were still on the trees as nighttime temperatures in California’s Central Valley dipped into the low 20s and teens on four straight nights beginning Friday. The freeze ruined as much as three-quarters of the California citrus crop, growers say; the fruit is threatened whenever the mercury falls below 28 degrees.

“Limited amounts were harvested before the freeze, so it’s not like the markets are going to dry up suddenly,” said Claire Smith, a spokeswoman for Sunkist Growers Inc., a Los Angeles-based cooperative owned by some 6,000 growers in California and Arizona.

Still, the diminished supply is bound to drive up prices, Smith said. Sunkist may import oranges and other fruit from South Africa and other countries.

On Tuesday, a Visalia-based citrus broker was selling 40-pound boxes of oranges for $22 to $32, depending on the variety. That’s up from $6 to $14 a week earlier, and with the National Weather Service calling for at least one more night of frigid temperatures in many areas, prices could continue to escalate.

Damages from the current freeze will likely surpass those from a three-day cold snap in December 1998 that destroyed 85 percent of California’s citrus crop, a loss valued at $700 million, state Agriculture Secretary A.G. Kawamura said.

The state also suffered a deep freeze in 1990 — one that completely wiped out the $1 billion crop. It took growers two years to recover.

Labor leaders are also watching the weather closely. They estimate as many as 12,000 field workers and packing house employees could lose their jobs for the remainder of the season.

The state may offer emergency unemployment assistance to workers laid off because of the crisis, said Henry Renteria, director of the state Office of Emergency Services.

Damaged fruit from the current freeze may still be salvaged as juice, usually a byproduct for California farmers, Smith said.

“It’s not likely to have a big impact on the juice industry because California is not a big player in that market,” she said.

Adverse weather has also taken a toll on the Florida-dominated orange juice industry in recent years. After two nasty hurricane seasons compounded by drought and crop disease, PepsiCo Inc., which sells juice under the Tropicana and Dole labels, and Coca-Cola Co., which owns Minute Maid, each raised orange juice prices over the past several weeks.

Inflated prices also are expected for other crops that have fallen victim to the icy California weather, state agricultural officials said.

Lee Cole, chief of Santa Paula-based Calavo Growers Inc., which sells 35 to 40 percent of the state’s $380 million avocado crop, said it’s too early to know how severe the losses will be. But the freeze could claim up to 40 percent of Calavo’s crop in Ventura County, with damage along the less-frigid coast between San Luis Obispo and Escondido hovering between 25 and 35 percent, Cole said.

“Prices will certainly be higher,” he said.

Associated Press writer Olivia Munoz contributed to this article.

If the damage is severe, the trees could also bear fewer avocados next year, Cole said.

Strawberries growing along the coastal regions of Southern California were mostly ruined, according to the California Strawberry Commission. The freeze also destroyed flowers that would produce the next berry crop on each plant.

Production will be disrupted for the next few weeks, according to the commission.

Growers in the Imperial Valley also were worried about tender vegetables such as lettuce that may not have held up to five days of temperatures in the mid-20s, said Brad Rippey, a meteorologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Throughout the cold snap, growers have tried to save their crops by pumping fields with heated irrigation water and running wind machines to circulate warmer air and keep it from rising off the trees. David Pruitt of Ball Tagawa Growers in Arroyo Grande has struggled to keep 200,000 square feet of greenhouses between 60 and 74 degrees.

The company produces a variety of seedlings, including pansies and marigolds. The greenhouses are heated with hot water fired by gas boilers.

The cold “multiplies our gas use enormously,” Pruitt said. The boilers “are just cranking full blast.”

For cut-flower producers, the damage mostly will be felt in the form of increased heating costs, said Kathryn Miele, director of marketing for the California Cut Flower Commission, which represents several hundred growers.

Many flowers _ including the Valentine’s Day rose crop _ are pampered indoors, meaning growers are forced to spend more to keep greenhouses balmy, she said.

Inspectors with the California Department of Agriculture and county agriculture commissioners were still assessing the damage Tuesday. In the meantime, fruit packers have been asked to keep produce harvested during the freeze on hold for five days to monitor quality problems and keep damaged fruit off shelves.